[Incidence of pressure injuries associated with oxygen therapy devices in the neonatal intensive care unit]. / Incidencia de lesiones por presión asociadas a dispositivos de oxigenoterapia en la unidad de cuidados intensivos neonatales.

OBJECTIVE: The administration of oxygen therapy (O2) in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) increases the risk of developing pressure injuries (PBI). The aims of the study were to describe the incidence of PBI associated with O2 devices in the NICU, to identify, analyze and relate risk factors and the application of their preventive measures. METHODS: A retrospective, observational and analytical study of hospitalized neonates who developed PPL secondary to O2 devices in the NICU of the Miguel Servet University Hospital of Zaragoza was carried out. Socio-demographical, clinical, type of cot, humidity, temperature, type of oxygen therapy, ventilation mode, device and presence of ulcer (number, degree, location), and preventive measures were recorded. The study was approved by the Research Ethics Committee of the Autonomous Community of Aragon. Statistical analysis was performed using Jamovi 2.3.13®. RESULTS: A total of 191 neonates were included, of whom 158 (82.7%) received O2. Of those who received oxygen therapy, 64.10% (25) were infants, mean total age 5.20±8.46 days and mean weight 1,460.03±777.57 grams. 24.68% presented with device-associated PPL, with a mean number of days of admission at the time of onset of 3.98±5.03 days. 94.74% (36) of the lesions were grade I and 84.62% (33) were located in the nasal septum. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of pressure injuries associated with different oxygen therapy devices increases with decreasing gestational age. The risk increases with hospital stay, with the presence of medical devices, in particular non-invasive mechanical ventilation, being the main causal relationship.

OBJETIVO: La administración de oxigenoterapia en las unidades de cuidados intensivos neonatales (UCIN) supone un aumento del riesgo de desarrollar lesiones por presión (LPP). Los objetivos de este trabajo fueron describir la incidencia de LPP asociadas a dispositivos de oxigenoterapia, así como identificar, analizar y relacionar los factores de riesgo y sus medidas preventivas. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio retrospectivo, observacional y analítico de neonatos hospitalizados que desarrollaran una LPP secundaria a dispositivos de O2 en la UCIN del Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet de Zaragoza. Las variables registradas fueron las sociodemográficas, las clínicas, el tipo de cuna, la humedad, la temperatura, el tipo de oxigenoterapia, el tipo de ventilación, el dispositivo utilizado, la presencia de úlcera (número, grado, localización) y las medidas preventivas aplicadas. El estudio fue aprobado por el Comité de Ética de la Investigación de la Comunidad Autónoma de Aragón. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante Jamovi 2.3.13®. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron 191 neonatos, de los cuales 158 (82,7%) recibieron oxigenoterapia. El 64,10% de ellos fueron niños, la media de edad fue de 5,20±8,46 días y la de peso de 1.460,0±777,57 gramos. El 24,68% presentaron LPP asociada a dispositivo, con una media de días de ingreso en el momento de la aparición de 3,98±5,03 días. El 94,74% de las lesiones fueron de grado I y el 84,62% se localizaron en tabique nasal. CONCLUSIONES: La incidencia de LPP asociada a los diferentes dispositivos de oxigenoterapia aumenta a medida que disminuye la edad gestacional. El riesgo aumenta con la estancia hospitalaria, siendo la presencia de dispositivos médicos, en particular la ventilación mecánica no invasiva, la principal causa.

Study protocol of translation into Spanish and cross-cultural adaptation and validation of the problem areas in diabetes-Pediatric version (PAID-Peds) survey.

AIM: The metabolic and psychological management of paediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can be challenging over time given that T1DM may cause a negative emotional burden and, consequently, result in poor metabolic control of the disease. The objectives of this study are to translate the Problem Area in Diabetes Survey-Pediatric version (PAID-Peds) into Spanish, adapt it culturally and validate it. DESIGN: Multicenter cross sectional study. METHODS: 636 patients aged 8-17 years, diagnosed with T1DM, under treatment with insulin and follow-up at the Miguel Servet University Hospital in Zaragoza (Aragón, Spain), the Ramón y Cajal University Clinical Hospital in Madrid (Spain) and at the Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain) between 1 January 2023 and 31 December 2024 will be included. This study will consist of two phases: (1) Translation and cultural adaptation of the original PAID-Peds® survey into Spanish following eight steps; (2) Validation of the Spanish version of the PAIS-Peds® survey. The statistical analysis will be performed using Jamovi® 2.1.23. The reliability or internal consistency will be calculated using Cronbach's alpha index (considering an index higher than 0.8 to be good) and the test-retest will be evaluated using the intraclass correlation coefficient. For validity, confirmatory factor analysis will be calculated. This study has been approved by the ethics and research committees at each centre. RESULTS: The translation and validation into Spanish language of the Problem Area in Diabetes Survey-Pediatric version will be feasible, valid and reliable to detecting the youth-perceived burden of T1DM. Therapeutic education in diabetes-recommended by the WHO and the Diabetes Education Study Group-has shown encouraging results in glycaemia and psychosocial and behavioural factors in T1DM.

Necesidades de cuidados en recién nacidos con encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica tratados con hipotermia terapéutica / Care needs in newborns with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy treated with therapeutic hypothermia

Objetivo: describir las necesidades de cuidados de Enfermería derivadas de las principales secuelas en recién nacidos (RN) diagnosticados de encefalopatía hipóxico-isquémica (EHI) y tratados con hipotermia terapéutica en el Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet de Zaragoza (España).Método: estudio descriptivo transversal con datos retrospectivos sobre 32 pacientes, mediante revisión de historias clínicas. Variables de estudio: variables sociodemográficas, clínicas (para establecer la gravedad de la EHI se utilizó la escala de García-Alix) y necesidades de cuidados enfermeros.Resultados: se estudiaron 32 pacientes. El 68,8% fue diagnosticado de EHI moderada y el 31,2% de EHI severa, con resultado de fallecimiento tras el tratamiento del 21,9%. El 31,3% sufrió aspiración de líquido meconial en el momento del parto. Un 32% tuvo alteraciones visuales, un 20% alteraciones en la integridad de la piel, un 16% problemas de eliminación y crisis epilépticas, y un 12% microcefalia. El 100% estaba escolarizado, el 12% tenía apoyo en el colegio y solamente el 4% necesitó acudir a un centro de educación especial. El 68% de las familias recibió apoyo tras el alta hospitalaria. El 56% fue incluido en un programa de atención temprana.Conclusión: la población infantil con EHI tratados con hipotermia presentan secuelas a medio-largo plazo, siendo las más relevantes las alteraciones visuales, las de la integridad de la piel, problemas de eliminación, crisis epilépticas y microcefalia. Se han de potenciar los programas de seguimiento y apoyo tras el alta para poder detectar de forma precoz los signos de alarma, así como para el acompañamiento de sus familias. (AU)

Objective: to describe the Nursing care needs derived of the main consequences in newborns (NBs) diagnosed with hypoxic-ischemic encephalopathy (HIE) and treated with therapeutic hypothermia at the Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet in Zaragoza (Spain).Method: a descriptive cross-sectional study with retrospective data about 32 patients, through clinical record review. The study variables were sociodemographic, clinical (the scale by García-Alix was used to determine the severity of GIE), and Nursing care needs.Results: thirty-two (32) patients were studied; 68.8% were diagnosed with moderate HIE and 31.2% with severe HIE, with 21.9% of death outcomes after treatment. Out of these patients, 31.3% suffered meconium fluid aspiration at the time of delivery; 32% had visual alterations, 20% had alterations in their skin integrity, 16% had elimination problems and epileptic seizures, and 12% presented microcephalia. 100% of them were enrolled in school, 12% had support at school, and only 4% needed to attend a special education centre. Regarding their families, 68% received support after discharge from hospital, and 56% were included in an early care program.Conclusion: the paediatric population with HIE treated with hypothermia presented sequels at medium-long term; the most relevant were visual and skin integrity alterations, elimination problems, epileptic seizures and microcephalia. Programs for follow-up and support after discharge from hospital must be promoted, for an early detection of warning signs, as well as for accompanying their families. (AU)

[Estudio cuasi-experimental sobre intervenciones enfermeras en la valoración, manejo y prevención del síndrome confusional agudo.] / Quasi-experimental study on nursing interventions in the assessment, management and prevention of acute confusional syndrome.

OBJECTIVE: Acute confusional syndrome (ACS) is one of the complications with the highest morbidity and mortality in hospitalization units, but it is a reversible situation if detected early, representing a clear challenge for nursing. The objectives of this study were to assess the interventions carried out by nurses for the identification and non-pharmacological preventive measures applied in acute confusional syndrome and relate them to the years of professional experience and training received. METHODS: A quasi-experimental, prospective and analytical study was carried out through a self-administered structured questionnaire pre-post intervention (extracted from the JBI PACES program-Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System) on the identification and preventive measures applied in ACS. A total of 520 questionnaires (pre and post assessment) were distributed to nurses from the emergency department and the internal medicine unit of the Miguel Servet University Hospital in Zaragoza (Aragón, Spain) from January 2021 to April 2022. Statistical analysis carried out with the program Jamovi®2.3.13. RESULTS: 180 correctly completed questionnaires (94 pre and 86 post) were received. For 100%, the ACS supposed an extra workload and significant differences were found between the ability to manage ACS with the years of professional experience (p≤0.028). 97.2% of the nurses applied non-pharmacological interventions. CONCLUSIONS: Despite being perceived as an extra burden in daily work, nurses perform non-pharmacological prevention for the management of ACS. It is necessary to improve training to provide guidance strategies.

OBJETIVO: El síndrome confusional agudo (SCA) es una de las complicaciones con mayor morbimortalidad en las unidades de hospitalización, pero es una situación reversible si se detecta a tiempo, representando un claro desafío para la enfermería. Los objetivos de este estudio fueron valorar previa y posteriormente las intervenciones realizadas por las enfermeras para la identificación y la adopción de las medidas preventivas no farmacológicas aplicadas en el síndrome confusional agudo, así como relacionarlas con los años de experiencia profesional y la formación recibida. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio cuasi experimental, prospectivo y analítico a través de cuestionario estructurado autoadministrado pre-post intervención (extraído de la JBI PACES program-Practical Application of Clinical Evidence System) sobre la identificación y las medidas preventivas aplicadas en el SCA. Se distribuyeron un total de quinientos veinte cuestionarios (valoración pre y post) a enfermeras del servicio de Urgencias y la unidad de medicina interna del Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet de Zaragoza (Aragón, España) de enero de 2021 a abril de 2022. El análisis estadístico se realizó con el programa Jamovi® 2.3.13. RESULTADOS: Se recibieron ciento ochenta cuestionarios cumplimentados correctamente (noventa y cuatro pre y ochenta y seis post). Para el 100%, el SCA supuso una carga de trabajo extra y se hallaron diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre la capacidad de manejo de SCA con los años de experiencia profesional (p≤0,028). El 97,2% de las enfermeras aplicaron intervenciones no farmacológicas. CONCLUSIONES: A pesar de percibirse como una carga extra en el trabajo diario, las enfermeras realizan prevenciones no farmacológicas para el manejo del SCA. Es necesario mejorar la formación para proporcionar estrategias de orientación.

Translation and psychometric evaluation of the Spanish version of the problem areas in diabetes-pediatric version (PAID-Peds) survey.

BACKGROUND: Metabolic control and psychological management of paediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) can be challenging over time. Development of an instrument to assess the youth-reported burden could aid in preventing T1DM-associated diseases. METHODS: The aim of this study was to translate and validate the Spanish version of the Problem Area in Diabetes Survey-Pediatric version (PAID-Peds). A multicentre, cross-sectional translation and linguistic validation study was performed on a sample of 30 participants aged 8-17 years with a minimum 1-year history of T1DM diagnosed at the Miguel Servet University Hospital in Zaragoza (Aragon, Spain), Ramón y Cajal University Clinical Hospital in Madrid (Spain), and Sant Joan de Déu Hospital in Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). The qualitative validation consisted of translation into Spanish and back-translation into English of the Paid-Peds survey and subsequent administration to the sample population. Data were gathered on parameters related to sociodemographic characteristics and metabolic control. Validity, feasibility, and test-retest reliability were evaluated. Internal consistency was determined using Cronbach's alpha coefficient, test-retest reliability by means of interclass correlation, and paired samples using the Wilcoxon W-test. The study was approved by the ethics and research committees at each participating centre. RESULTS: The study assessed 30 children (46.7% female) with an average age of 13.33 ± 2.98 years; mean age at onset was 5.70 ± 3.62 years, and the mean disease duration was 7.63 ± 4.36 years. The mean score on the PAID-Peds survey was 42.88 ± 17.85. Cronbach's alpha coefficient was 0.90. Test-retest reliability measured by interclass correlation coefficient was 0.8 (95% CI: 0.63-0.90). No significant differences in total scores were found between test and retest (Wilcoxon W-test: 289; p = 0.051). CONCLUSIONS: The Spanish version of the PAID-Peds survey is a feasible, valid, and reliable instrument to assess the youth-perceived burden of T1DM.

Nurse Mentoring: A Scoping Review.

INTRODUCTION: Mentoring programs minimize stress and anxiety in recent graduates and in newly recruited nurses, guiding their careers and enabling them to retain their skills and correctly care for patients. The objective of this scoping review is to explore and summarize the existing literature on mentoring models and programs in the clinical nursing context. METHODS: The databases searched include PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, Epistemonikos, Cuiden, Scielo, MEDES, OpenGrey, Trove and MedNar. Published and unpublished studies worldwide that included nurse mentoring programs in a clinical context, in public and private systems and primary, secondary and tertiary healthcare settings, and articles published in English, French, Spanish and Portuguese, were included. Nurse students and training specialists were excluded. The papers were screened by two independent reviewers. In cases of discrepancy, a third reviewer made the decision. RESULTS: Eleven studies were included. Most of them were conducted in the USA. A wide range of nurse mentoring programs were identified with highly variable characteristics. The duration of the programs and the evaluation systems were different, but the expected results matched. CONCLUSIONS: Mentoring programs need more in-depth and extensive study. In spite of their differences, they all lead to improvements for nurses, patients and organizations. A gender influence was found in our results, which could be studied in future research.

[Peripheral neuropathy, onycholysis and health-related quality of life in womens with breast cancer treated with taxanes. Prospective longitudinal study.] / Neuropatía periférica, onicólisis y calidad de vida en mujeres con cáncer de mama en tratamiento con taxanos. Estudio longitudinal prospectivo.

OBJECTIVE: Peripheral neuropathy and onycholysis are adverse events produced by taxanes in breast cancer that persist even after the end of treatment and negatively influence quality of life. The objectives of the study were to describe these side effects and the degree of involvement and relating them to the drug doses received. METHODS: Prospective, cross-sectional study of in 50 womens dignosed of breast cancer, treated with docetaxel and paclitaxel in Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet in Zaragoza (Aragón, Spain). CTCAE v.5.0 scale and Semes Weinsten test were used to evaluate peripheral neuropathy and onycholysis. ECOG scale was performed to measure the health-related quality of life. Study variables were evaluated before-during treatment and 1 and 6 months after finish treatment. Statistical analysis was performed using Jamovi 1.2®. For the relationship of the qualitative variables, the chi-square, Fisher's exact test, Mc's test were used. Nemar and the Odds Ratio test. Effects were considered significant if p<0.05. RESULTS: 43 subjects were included. During treatment the 9.8 presented motor neuropathy and 12.2% sensitive neuropathy, 37.2% onycholisis in upper extremities and 39.5% in lower extremities (χ2=11.3; p<0.001 / χ2=13.0; p<0.001) and 38.1% a health related quality of live limited in excessive activities (χ2=10.3; p=0.001). Post-treatment evaluation the 20.9% presented motor neuropathy and 32.6% sensitive neuropathy (χ2=3.57; p=0.059 / χ2=6.23; p=0.013), the 86% onycholisis in upper extremities and lower extremities (χ2=6.07; p=0.048 / χ2=10.1; p=0.006) and 58.5% a health related quality of live limited in excessive activities (χ2=8.47; p=0.014). 6 month later, the initials parameters were not recuperated. CONCLUSIONS: Taxanes have a negative impact on the health-related quality of life in patients, even 6 months after finishing treatment due to the peripheral neuropathy and onycholysis that they cause.

OBJETIVO: La neuropatía periférica y la onicólisis son eventos adversos producidos por los taxanos en el cáncer de mama, que perduran incluso habiendo finalizado el tratamiento e influyendo negativamente en la calidad de vida. Los objetivos del estudio fueron describir estos efectos secundarios, midiendo el grado de afectación, y relacionarlos con las dosis de fármaco recibidas. METODOS: Se realizó un estudio observacional, longitudinal prospectivo con muestreo consecutivo inicial de concuenta mujeres con cáncer de mama en tratamiento con docetaxel y/o paclitaxel en el Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet de Zaragoza (Aragón, España). Para la valoración de la neuropatía periférica (motora y sensitiva) se utilizó la escala CTCAE v.5.0 y el test de Semmes Weinsten. La valoración de la calidad de vida relacionada con la salud se midió mediante la escala ECOG. Se realizaron valoraciones previo-durante-post y a los 6 meses de haber finalizado el tratamiento. El análisis estadístico se realizó mediante Jamovi 1.2®. Para la relación de las variables cualitativas se utilizó la chi-cuadrado, el test exacto de Fisher, el test de Mc.Nemar y el test de Odds Ratio. Los efectos se consideraron significativos si p<0,05. RESULTADOS: Se incluyeron finalmente 43 mujeres. Durante el tratamiento, el 9,8% presentó neuropatía motora y el 12,2% neuropatía sensitiva, el 37,2% onicólisis en extremidades superiores y el 39,5% en inferiores (χ2=11,3; p<0,001 / χ2=13,0; p<0,001), y el 38,1% una calidad de vida restringida a actividad exagerada (χ2=10,3; p=0,001). En la valoración postratamiento, el 20,9% presentó neuropatía motora y el 32,6% neuropatía sensitiva (χ2=3,57; p=0,059 / χ2=6,23; p=0,013), el 86% onicólisis en extremidades superiores y el 90,7% en inferiores (χ2=6,07; p=0,048 / χ2=10,1; p=0,006) y el 58,5% al menos una calidad de vida restringida a actividad exagerada (χ2=8,47; p=0,014). A los seis meses no se recuperaron los valores iniciales de evaluación. CONCLUSIONES: Los taxanos repercuten negativamente en la calidad de vida de las mujeres incluso a los seis meses tras finalizar el tratamiento debido a la neuropatía periférica y la onicólisis que provocan.

The Correlation between Leader-Member Exchange and Organisational Commitment among Spanish Registered Nurses: The Moderating Role of Sex and Hospital Size.

The role of the supervisor in hospitals is to oversee and encourage the active work participation of registered nurses. In this context, leadership should be focused on the creation of a positive environment for the generation of high-quality care and the development of attitudes that have a beneficial influence on the work of the registered nurse. The aims of this study have been: (i) To verify if the quality of the supervisor-nurse interpersonal relationship was correlated with organisational commitment; (ii) to establish if the correlation could be moderated by empowerment, perceived organisational support, and leader-leader exchange. A cross-sectional survey with self-report questionnaires was performed. A total of 2541 registered nurses from nine public hospitals participated in the study. They completed scales measuring leader-member exchange, commitment, empowerment, perceived organisational support, and leader-leader exchange. There was a positive correlation between the quality of the leader-member exchange and commitment. Leader-leader exchange has a moderating effect on this relationship. The moderating effects of empowerment, perceived organisational support, and leader-member exchange on the supervisor-nurse interpersonal relationship and the nurse's organisational commitment are influenced by sex and/or hospital size. Organisations should design supervisor training strategies aimed at establishing high-quality supervisor-nurse interpersonal relationships.

Protocolo para la punción arterial con anestesia local / Protocol for arterial puncture with local anaesthesia

La punción arterial es una técnica habitual en Atención Especializada y realmente dolorosa para los pacientes. Existen diversos procedimientos para hacerla más confortable, pero solamente la inyección de anestesia local se ha mostrado efectiva. No obstante, esta no se emplea por diversos motivos: falta de formación, ideas erróneas y ausencia de protocolos que ayuden a desempeñar una práctica basada en evidencias. Con el objetivo de conocer las recomendaciones más actuales de forma estructurada se ha realizado una revisión bibliográfica, buscando las últimas evidencias en este sentido y, a partir de ahí, se ha elaborado una propuesta en forma de protocolo. Existe suficiente evidencia para incluir la anestesia en el procedimiento de la punción arterial. Elaborar un protocolo actualizado se considera un elemento de mejora en la calidad de los cuidados y reducir la variabilidad en la prestación de los mismos

Arterial puncture is a common technique in Specialized Care, and really painful for patients. There are various procedures in order to make it more comfortable, but only the injection of local anaesthesia has shown to be effective. However, this is not used due to different reasons: lack of training, wrong ideas, and absence of protocols to help conducting an evidence-based practice. With the aim to learn about the most recent recommendations in a structured manner, a bibliographic review has been conducted, looking for the latest evidence in this matter; and based on this, a protocol-like proposal has been prepared. There is enough evidence to include anaesthesia within the arterial puncture procedure. To prepare an updated protocol is considered an element of improvement in the quality of patient care, and to reduce variability in said care

Mantenimiento de vías centrales en U.C.I / Central blood vessel maintenance in an Intensive Care Unit

Protocolo referente a mantenimiento de vías venosas centrales por acceso central y periférico, habiendo seguido las normas previas para su colocación. Se incide en el mantenimiento, desarrollado en tres grandes apartados: asepsia (normas y factores que provocan infección); fijación (con apósitos transparentes, apósitos transparentes "Tegaderm", y con estos mismos apósitos y Cavilon protector cutáneo no irritante, y fijación de sistemas de gotero); y normas para el mantenimiento de las vías venosas. Finalmente se establecen los criterios de evaluación. Este trabajo ha sido ganador del "Premio 3M Tegaderm", fallado en Barcelona en septiembre de 2000 (AU)